As social protection instruments, conditional cash transfers are programmes that transfer cash on the condition that beneficiaries make prespecified
investments that impact governmental targets. Even if they qualify for a programme, people that do not comply with the conditions cannot access the benefit in question.

For example, households bellow the poverty line could be given money on the condition that they invest the money in the human capital of their children; being unable to obtain the money if they fail to do so.

For the purposes of this debate, supporters of Longtermism believe that significantly more beings will be alive in the future and that we should assign moral value to the unborn. Thus, they conclude that when evaluating our actions today, the largest consideration is how they affect the future.

Examples of Longtermist policies can include encouraging people to dedicate their lives to reducing long-run existential risks, allocating a substantial portion of the budget to try and improve the welfare of future generations, or trying to expand humanity to other planets.

Under a Longtermist view, such policies are ethical even if they come at the very strong expense of more immediate and certain goals like providing healthcare, or increasing the happiness of the living.

In Honduras, signalling a break from the 12-year rule of the right-wing National Party, which had expanded the role of the military in a wide range of fields, the left-wing candidate Xiomara Castro won the 2021 presidential election on the promise of a fresh start in the security realm. She pledged to put the National Police back in the driver's seat and focus on addressing the socio-economic root causes' that push many young Hondurans into joining criminal organisations.

The National Police was ill-prepared to meet the task Castro initially gave it. Criminal groups took advantage of this transition period to expand their operations, particularly regarding extortion. After a series of high-profile episodes of violence, in November 2022, Castro announced the imposition of a state of emergency and launched a 'war on extortion'. In doing so, she mimicked the rhetoric and methods employed by Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele, even if the magnitude of the crackdown is still far smaller than Bukele's campaign of mass arrests.

'Queer by choice' is a framework that analyses sexual desires through social constructivism. Despite recognizing that biology plays a role in people's sexual desires, it focuses on social conditioning, establishing people's lives shape desires through specific contexts that allow them to discover and put them into practice. It seeks to revindicate choice, claiming the dignity of sexual autonomy by stating that people should be free to 'choose to be'.

Born this way is a framework that analyses sexual desires through essentialism. Although it acknowledges that social conditioning influences people's desires, it focuses on biological elements that make sexual desires innate to people. It fights for the recognition of rights linked to the sexual identity of people, establishing that they have the right to 'be'.